Ripgut Brome Awns

The common name ripgut brome refers to the heavy sclerotization of the species creating a hazard to livestock. The seeds of the plant can penetrate the skin of livestock and the callus and awns can penetrate the mouth eyes and intestines of livestock. 1st glume is 1 veined.

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Ripgut brome awns.

Ripgut brome is an annual brome native to europe northern africa and western asia and very widely introduced elsewhere in the world including in north america. Ripgut brome reproduces by seed. It produces dense low leafy growth in the fall. Ripgut brome seedlings have a tubular sheath.

The ligule is long whitish and has a jagged tip. Large spikelets with needlelike awns 1 to 2 inches 2 5 5 cm long distinguishes ripgut brome from the much shorter awns of soft brome. Ripgut brome has no auricles. Ripgut brome bromus diandrus exotic and undesirable lemmas taper into 2 narrow teeth.

However it has an extensive fibrous root system and tillers profusely. Description ripgut brome is a loosely cespitose or tufted annual cool season bunchgrass. Soft brome bromus hordeaceus. Soft hairs cover the leaf blades and sheaths.

The open panicles resemble oats with long often compressed spikelets containing 1 2 inch long awns. It does not have creeping stolons or rhizomes. Cheatgrass bromus tectorum exotic undesirable and state regulated seedlings have very hairy blades and sheaths. It is considered a serious weed of crops in some areas.

The spikelets have longer awns than most brome grasses. The individual flowers have tiny rough teeth that can injure livestock and pets. Bodies are 20 35 mm long and awns are greater than 10 mm. Within new england it has been collected only near seaports in massachusetts.